We will divide the work of computing the sum of all values in an array over multiple threads. Each thread will compute the sum of a subrange and then update a shared sum variable and a shared count of completed threads.

Since the shared variable is updated by multiple threads, we need to ensure that the updates do not interfere with each other. Your task is to use a lock so that only one thread at a time updates the shared data. Note that you should not use a lock to control access to the array which is not mutated. Otherwise we would completely lose the benefit of using multiple threads.

Note: We use a slightly wasteful mechanism for finding out when all threads have completed their work. Several exercises in this chapter explore other strategies.